Exoskeletons Application in Construction - Decision Toolkit
Exoskeletons Application in Construction - Decision Toolkit
Studied exoskeleton effects on worker fatigue and performance among aging construction workforces; developed a decision-making toolkit to inform adoption with safety and productivity in mind.
Funding: Funded by National Science and Engineering Research Council.
What did this Project Set Out to Do?
This project explored the practical use, perceived value, and adoption potential of passive shoulder exoskeletons in construction settings. As musculoskeletal injuries—particularly to the shoulders and upper extremities—remain a persistent challenge in the construction industry, the study aimed to better understand how wearable support technologies can be integrated into everyday construction work.
The primary objective was to capture construction workers’ real‑world experiences using exoskeletons during typical job tasks and to identify design and implementation factors that influence willingness to adopt the technology. The findings were subsequently used to inform the development of a decision‑support toolkit for employers, safety professionals, and industry stakeholders.
How was the Research Done?
A field‑based user trial was conducted with 41 construction workers, who were provided with a passive shoulder exoskeleton and asked to wear it while performing their regular work activities.
Key aspects of the methodology included:
- Workers wore/ used the exoskeleton over two full workdays
- Participants performed normal job tasks, rather than controlled laboratory activities
- Feedback was collected at the end of each day, focusing on comfort, usability, task compatibility, and perceived benefits
This approach ensured that data reflected authentic jobsite conditions, including dynamic movements, space constraints, and interaction with existing personal protective equipment (PPE).
What did the Project Discover?
The study found a generally positive perception of exoskeleton use, particularly when the technology was task‑appropriate and minimally intrusive.
Worker Willingness and Perceived Value
- Approximately two‑thirds of participants indicated they would be likely or very likely to use an exoskeleton if it were provided by their employer.
- Workers consistently reported reduced shoulder strain during sustained or repetitive overhead work.
Participants identified several construction tasks where exoskeletons were most helpful, including:
- Installing upper tracks
- Framing and drywalling bulkheads
- Ceiling taping and mudding
- Installing overhead light fixtures
These tasks typically involve prolonged arm elevation, making them especially well‑suited for shoulder‑support technologies.
Key Applications
To improve adoption in construction environments, participants emphasized that exoskeletons must be designed with jobsite realities in mind. Key considerations included:
- Compatibility with harnesses and toolbelts
- A close‑fitting profile to allow work in tight or confined spaces
- Easy adjustability for fit and level of support
- Durable, rugged construction suitable for harsh jobsite conditions
- Materials that are easy to clean
- Minimal restriction or interference with movement and task performance
Workers were clear that exoskeletons should support—not hinder—productivity.
Why Does This Matter?
Construction remains one of the highest‑risk sectors for work‑related musculoskeletal disorders. This project provides evidence‑based insight into how wearable assistive technologies can be realistically integrated into construction work, from the worker’s perspective.
By identifying:
- Tasks where exoskeletons add the most value
- Barriers to adoption
- Design features that matter most to users
the project supports safer work practices, informed procurement decisions, and worker‑centered innovation. The resulting insights help employers, safety professionals, and technology developers make practical, informed decisions about exoskeleton deployment in construction settings.
